The museum evolved with the intention of creating a cultural link between the cultural universe of the small town of Mamoiada, which is known throughout the world for its traditional masks, the "Mamuthones" and "Issohadores", and other Mediterranean areas, wich display a similar history and culture through their masks and Carnival celebration.

The museum primarily focuses its attention on forms of masking, where (with various combinations) we see the frequent use of wooden, zoomorph and strangely shaped masks, decorated with sheep skin and cattle bells and other devices which cause a terrible noise. The shephers and farmers who owned these masks realized the power they had on influencing the destiny of the farming year; thus, despite their frightening appearance, their visit was awaited and welcomed, and was an opportunity to befriend them with offers of food and drink.

Starting with the traditional masks of Mamoiada, the museum offers a comparative exhibition including findings from different Mediterranean countries, illustrating the affinities and similarities rather than the differences and disparities.